Adverbs are versatile words that modify verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, or entire sentences. They provide crucial details about how, when, where, why, or to what degree actions occur.
A. Adverbs of Manner (How?)
Describe how an action happens. Often end in -ly.
Examples: She sings beautifully.
Exceptions: fast, hard, well (no -ly)
B. Adverbs of Time (When?)
Indicate when an action occurs.
Examples:
I’ll call you tomorrow.
She already finished her work.
C. Adverbs of Place (Where?)
Show location or direction.
Examples:
The cat is hiding outside.
She walked away.
D. Adverbs of Frequency (How often?)
Express how frequently something happens.
Examples: I always drink coffee.
E. Adverbs of Degree (To what extent?)
Modify intensity.
Examples:
She is very smart.
It’s too hot.
F. Sentence Adverbs
Modify entire sentences (often express opinion).
Examples:
Honestly, I don’t agree.
Clearly, this is a mistake.
G. Interrogative Adverbs
Used in questions (when, where, why, how).
Examples: Why are you late?
A. Adding -ly to Adjectives
Examples: quick → quickly, happy → happily, terrible → terribly
Spelling Rules:
1. -y → -ily: easy → easily
2. -le → -ly: gentle → gently
3. -ic → -ically: basic → basically
B. Irregular Adverbs
Examples: good → well, fast → fast, hard →hard
A. With Verbs
Examples:
After the verb: She speaks fluently.
After the object: He drives the car carefully.
B. With Adjectives / Adverbs
Before the word modified:
Examples:
That is very expensive.
He runs incredibly fast.
C. Frequency Adverbs
Examples:
Before main verbs: I often exercise.
After be: She is always late.
D. Sentence Adverbs
Start / end of sentences:
Examples:
Naturally, we agreed.
We agreed, naturally.
A. Regular Forms
Examples:fast → faster → fastest, quickly → more quickly → most quickly
B. Irregular Forms
Examples: well→better→best, badly→worse→worst, far→farther/further→farthest/furthest